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What are Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), Scaffolding and More Knowledgeable Others – MKO?
Every new skill that we learn, goes through three zones.
First, I cannot do it. Then, I learn the basics and I can do it, but with some help, then I reach a stage where I can do it independently.
In terms of time, the things that I cannot currently do, but I can learn in the future, are future learning.
Things that I can currently do, but with some help, are my current learning.
Things that I have learnt in the past and I can do independently, are my past learning.
The zone of my current learning, is my zone of proximal development.
For example, there was a time when I could not drive a car. Then there was a time, when I could drive a car, but with some help. Then, I became an expert; and I could drive a car independently.
The zone when I could drive a car, but with some help, was my Zone of Proximal Development.
The help and the support that was given to me in my Zone of Proximal Development, is called the Scaffolding. The person, who gave me the help and support, is the more knowledgeable other (MKO), since he or she needs to know more than me, to be able to help me.
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